Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, and syphilis infections among pregnant women and infants in Malaysia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Based on the target population, 27.7% and 35.1% seroprevalence were found in pregnant women and infants, respectively.

Among the TORCH agent types, Cytomegalovirus (cytomegalovirus) in pregnant women and infants demonstrated the highest seroprevalence (93.2% and 95.9%, respectively), while Treponema pallidum ( T. pallidum ) seroprevalence was the lowest among pregnant women (1.1%) and infants (4%).