Consistency analysis of programmed cell death ligand-1/thyroid transcription factor-1 dual staining in malignant pleural effusion and lung adenocarcinoma histology specimens.
PD-L1/TTF-1 dual staining improved concordance with histology in pleural effusion cytology
Consistency analysis of programmed cell death ligand-1/thyroid transcription factor-1 dual staining in malignant pleural effusion and lung adenocarcinoma histology specimens.
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer) constituting the majority of cases.
This study aimed to assess the impact of PD-L1 single staining versus PD-L1/thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) dual staining on the concordance of PD-L1 tumor proportion scores between paired histologic and cytologic malignant pleural effusion samples.
This retrospective study involved 112 lung adenocarcinoma patients, using paired histological and malignant pleural effusion cytological samples for PD-L1 evaluation via immunohistochemical staining.
dual staining matched tissue results far more often than single staining
The results indicate that the selection of PD-L1 single-stained or PD-L1/TTF-1 dual-stained methodologies within the same sample type did not lead to significant differences in the distribution of PD-L1 tumor proportion scores.
Notably, in malignant pleural effusion cytology specimens with low tumor density, PD-L1/TTF-1 dual staining demonstrated a marked advantage over PD-L1 single staining, with the concordance rate of tumor proportion score with histology specimens increasing from 56.86% to 84.31%, with kappa values increasing from 0.47 to 0.78.
The application of PD-L1/TTF-1 dual staining in malignant pleural effusion cytological specimens significantly enhances the consistency of PD-L1 expression within tissue specimens, particularly in advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients.
This method provides a reliable, evidence-based medical reference that complements histopathological analysis.