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New research · Ophthalmology
Experimental eye research · 17h
StudyExperimental eye research · 2026

Immunohistochemistry analysis of P16 INK4a in pre-invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia tissue samples infected and not infected by human papilloma virus at an academic laboratory in Northern Tshwane.

Lucia Naddy Mhlongo, Cornelius Muzi Nkosi, Moshawa Calvin Khaba
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OphthalmologyStudy

P16 INK4a was present in 77% of HPV-positive pre-invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia samples

Immunohistochemistry analysis of P16 INK4a in pre-invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia tissue samples infected and not infected by human papilloma virus at an academic laboratory in Northern Tshwane.

Lucia Naddy Mhlongo … Moshawa Calvin Khaba
Experimental eye research · 2026
Background

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (ocular surface squamous neoplasia) encompasses a wide range of benign and malignant tumours that arise from the conjunctiva and cornea.

Purpose

This study assessed the prognostic significance of P16 INK4a in pre-invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia tissue samples.

Methods

This retrospective study analysed 58 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (formalin fixed paraffin embedded) tissue samples of ocular surface squamous neoplasia with known HPV results for the expression of P16 INK4a immunohistochemistry marker at an academic laboratory in Tshwane.

n = 58 formalin fixed paraffin embedded
Results

p16 marker (HPV-linked protein) was found in most HPV-positive tumor samples tested

Overall
22.4%
HPV-positive
76.9%
More results

The tumour suppressor gene P16 INK4a serves as a key biomarker for high-risk humanpailloma virus (high-risk humanpailloma virus) infection in squamous neoplasms.

The study analysed ocular surface squamous neoplasia samples of 35 females (60.34%) and 23 males (39.66%), with a mean age of 41.8 years.

More results

The P16 INK4a was detected in both high-risk (HR) and low-risk (low-risk) HPV positive conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia) grade III cases.

“
Conclusion

The relationship between P16 INK4a with prognosis and HPV infection in ocular surface squamous neoplasia remains inconclusive.

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