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New research · Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology science · 2d
Cross-sectionalOphthalmology science · 2026

A Framework for Standardized Manual Segmentation and Measurement of Uveal Melanoma on Ultrasound.

William F Chadwick, Sanjay Ganesh, Albert K Dadzie … Michael J Heiferman
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OphthalmologyCross-sectional

Standardized segmentation protocol shows high agreement between reviewers outlining tumors on ultrasound

A Framework for Standardized Manual Segmentation and Measurement of Uveal Melanoma on Ultrasound.

William F Chadwick … Michael J Heiferman
Ophthalmology science · 2026
Purpose

To develop and validate a standardized manual segmentation protocol for delineating choroidal tumors on B-scan ultrasonography to improve measurement reproducibility in uveal melanoma.

Methods

Two hundred seventy five ultrasound images of melanocytic choroidal tumors obtained from a single tertiary ocular oncology clinic.

Results
0.14
mm
reviewers' tumor outlines matched closely, showing high measurement consistency
More results

The consensus protocol identified 4 consistent anatomical boundaries: inner retina, inner tumor margin, outer tumor margin, and outer sclera.

Most disagreement occurred at the scleral interface and in cases with shadowing, artifact, subretinal fluid, or mushroom shape.

More results

Derived tumor measurements demonstrated low mean absolute errors of 0.21 mm, 0.59 mm, and 0.72 mm for thickness, 1-chord largest basal diameter, and arc-length largest basal diameter, respectively.

“
Conclusion

A standard, operationalized segmentation protocol enables reproducible boundary delineation on ophthalmic ultrasound and provides a foundation for consistent tumor measurement and future computational automation.

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