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New research · Pathology
Journal of ethnopharmacology · 1d
Animal / preclinicalJournal of ethnopharmacology · 2026

Yishen Tongluo Formula Regulates Apoptosis and Autophagy in Testicular Spermatogenic Cells of Oligoasthenozoospermic Rats via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway.

Yangdi Chen, Fanggang Bi, Zhong Hua … Zixue Sun
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PathologyAnimal / preclinical

Key compounds in Yishen Tongluo Formula showed strong binding to AMPK/mTOR targets.

Yishen Tongluo Formula Regulates Apoptosis and Autophagy in Testicular Spermatogenic Cells of Oligoasthenozoospermic Rats via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway.

Yangdi Chen et al. · Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2026
Purpose

The aim was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and the underlying mechanism of YSTLF in treating OAS associated with the kidney deficiency and collateral obstruction pattern.

Methods

The chemical constituents of YSTLF were identified by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS, and molecular docking was performed between the ten most abundant compounds and AMPK/mTOR.

Results
a lower value means stronger attachment to AMPK/mTOR proteins
More results

Among 307 identified compounds (mostly flavonoids), YSTLF improved general status, organ weights, and sperm quality in model rats.

IHC showed downregulated Beclin1 and Bax, and upregulated p62 and Bcl-2.

More results

Western blot/RT-qPCR validated downregulated p-AMPK/AMPK, AMPK mRNA, LC3II, Beclin1, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 ratio, alongside upregulated p-mTOR/mTOR, mTOR mRNA, p62, and Bcl-2.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

YSTLF improved spermatogenic function in rats with OAS (kidney deficiency and collateral obstruction pattern).

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Its mechanism of action involves regulation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway and restoration of the balance between autophagy and apoptosis.

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