Burden of Antibiotic Resistance in Hospitalized Children in Kenya: Associations with Mortality, Hospital Stay, and Treatment Costs.

Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival curves, Cox regression, and mixed-effects negative binomial and generalized linear models.

Among 1,608 patients, 63% were infants, and 38% were referrals.

Gastroenteritis (46%) and pneumonia (28%) were the most common diagnoses.

Antibiotic-resistant infections occurred in 27% of participants and were associated with higher mortality (26% versus 9% in susceptible participants) and an attributable risk of 17%; the population attributable fraction was 65%.