Neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a single-center retrospective cohort study.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia linked to lower developmental quotient at 12 months corrected age
Neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a single-center retrospective cohort study.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bronchopulmonary dysplasia) is a chronic lung disease, but its association with long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes remains unclear.
This study aimed to investigate the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months of corrected age.
This single-center retrospective cohort study included 356 preterm infants (gestational age [GA] ≤35 weeks), of whom 102 (28.7%) had bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 254 (71.3%) served as non-bronchopulmonary dysplasia controls.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia independently predicted lower developmental scores at 12 months
Compared with non-bronchopulmonary dysplasia infants, the bronchopulmonary dysplasia group had significantly lower GA, birthweight, and Apgar scores, and higher rates of comorbidities.
The bronchopulmonary dysplasia group consistently demonstrated significantly lower Gesell scores across all five domains at each time point.
Mediation analyses revealed that bronchopulmonary dysplasia mediated 41.5% of the effect of birthweight and 72.0% of the effect of GA on neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Notably, although the bronchopulmonary dysplasia group achieved catch-up growth by 3 months, this did not translate into improved developmental scores.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is significantly associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months of corrected age in preterm infants.
Early neurodevelopmental screening and multidisciplinary follow-up for preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are strongly recommended.