Efficacy and safety of radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial lung biopsy in peripheral pulmonary lesions without guide sheath and fluoroscopy.

The rEBUS-TBLB technique, even without guide sheath and fluoroscopy support, remains a highly effective and safe diagnostic approach for peripheral pulmonary lesions, particularly for malignant lesions and those ⩾20 mm in size.

This technique may be appropriate for wider implementation in hospitals with limited equipment and financial resources, provided that flexible bronchoscopy systems, rEBUS equipment, and adequately trained personnel are available.