Cytomorphological and immunohistochemical predictors of neoplastic pathology in atypical glandular cells detected in cervical cytology: a 10-year retrospective cohort study.

Atypical glandular cells was identified in 141 of 128,022 cytology specimens (0.11%).

Neoplastic pathology was detected in 28 cases (23.5%), including endometrial carcinoma (39.3%), cervical neoplasia (35.7%), metastatic malignancies (17.9%), and ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (7.1%).

Neoplastic outcomes were significantly associated with increasing age, postmenopausal status, p16/Ki67 positivity, increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear enlargement, and loss of polarity.

The predictive model demonstrated excellent discrimination (area under the curve = 0.918).