Comparative risk of postoperative complications in ulcerative colitis patients following preoperative advanced therapies: a network meta-analysis with meta-regression.

Preoperative ustekinumab and tofacitinib were associated with fewer 30-day postoperative complications than control or anti-TNF therapy, while vedolizumab was associated with fewer complications than anti-TNF therapy.

At 90 days, anti-TNF therapy was associated with higher complication rates compared with control.

These findings, particularly at 90 days based on limited data, should be interpreted with caution and require confirmation in well-designed prospective studies with rigorous adjustment for confounding factors.