Socioecological determinants of chronic disease multimorbidity in high-altitude Tibetan populations: a cross-sectional study.

Among high-altitude populations, traditional Tibetan pattern and physical exercise appear to be protective factors against chronic diseases, while the three-high pattern, animal-predominant high protein pattern, smoking, and local tea drinking constitute potential risk factors.

Modifying dietary pattern and lifestyle thus play a significant role in the prevention and management of chronic diseases in these unique environments.