Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Cancer Risk in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Active Comparator, New-User Cohort Study.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) were used as reference medications.

In the comparison between SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA, 3371 (2.58%) cancer cases occurred.

After adjustment, no significant difference in overall cancer risk was observed between SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA users (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.85-1.25).

SGLT-2i was associated with a reduced risk of lung and thyroid cancers compared with DPP-4i, while no statistically significant difference was observed relative to GLP-1RA.