Endometriosis subtypes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Advancing Research on Cardiovascular Health and…

Cohort studyDiabetologia· Aug 2026

Endometriosis subtypes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Advancing Research on Cardiovascular Health and Endometriosis Study (ARCHES) retrospective cohort study.

Maggie Fuzak Nunziato, Bin Yan, Karen C Schliep … Anna Z Pollack

EndocrinologyCohort studyPrognosisQ1IF 8.5

Endometriosis is associated with a 46% higher rate of type 2 diabetes.

Endometriosis subtypes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Advancing Research on Cardiovascular Health and Endometriosis Study (ARCHES) retrospective cohort study.

Maggie Fuzak Nunziato … Anna Z Pollack

Diabetologia · Aug 2026 · Q1 in Internal Medicine

Purpose

We investigated the association between endometriosis, including clinically relevant subtypes, and incident type 2 diabetes, and assessed effect modification by menopausal status, BMI and history of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods

We assembled a dynamic population-based cohort of 2,939,364 individuals assigned as female at birth from the Utah Population Database (1996-2021).

n = 2,939,364 individuals

Results

diabetes risk climbs with endometriosis, sharper in premenopausal or lower BMI women

AHR by subgroup · 95% CI

More results

Risk varied by subtype, with the strongest associations observed for 'other site' endometriosis (specified site: aHR 2.67; 95% CI 2.51, 2.84; unspecified site: aHR 2.47; 95% CI 2.35, 2.60).

More results

Associations were stronger among premenopausal women than postmenopausal women (aHR 1.55; 95% CI 1.50, 1.60) and those with BMI <30 kg/m 2 than those in higher BMI categories (aHR 2.39; 95% CI 2.34, 2.44), and were present regardless of history of gestational diabetes mellitus.

“

Conclusion · 1 of 2

Endometriosis was associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk, with substantial heterogeneity by subtype and metabolic context.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Associations were strongest among individuals who are traditionally considered at lower baseline risk, although these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the potential for residual confounding and detection bias.

Endometriosis subtypes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Advancing Research on Cardiovascular Health and Endometriosis Study (ARCHES) retrospective cohort study.

Endometriosis subtypes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Advancing Research on Cardiovascular Health and Endometriosis Study (ARCHES) retrospective cohort study.

Related papers