Pituitary metastasis as an endocrine-neuro-ophthalmologic emergency: clinical red flags and outcomes from a contemporary tertiary-center series.

Median age was 52.5 years, and 71.4% of patients were women.

Hypopituitarism (64.3%), arginine vasopressin deficiency (50.0%), and visual impairment (50.0%) were frequent at presentation.

Breast cancer was the most common primary tumor (28.6%).

Serum prolactin levels, available in 11 patients, were uniformly below the range typically expected for macroprolactinoma despite large sellar masses.