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New research · Ophthalmology
Cancer epidemiology · 15h
Meta-analysisCancer epidemiology · 2025

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of human papilloma virus infections with ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

Leanne Hall, Clare Heal
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OphthalmologyMeta-analysis

Human Papilloma Virus infection strongly associated with higher odds of ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of human papilloma virus infections with ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

Leanne Hall, Clare Heal
Cancer epidemiology · 2025
Background

The incidence of Ocular Squamous Surface Neoplasia (Ocular Squamous Surface Neoplasia) is increasing, particularly in populations with high HIV prevalence and higher solar irradiance.

Purpose

We aimed to quantify the association between Human Papilloma Virus and Ocular Squamous Surface Neoplasia and analyse co-factors in this association, including geographical differences and pathology of the comparator group.

Results

Human Papilloma Virus infection is far more common in ocular surface cancers than benign growths

OR 9.20 (95% CI 5 to 16.90)
null 1
5
16.90
CI excludes the null - significant
More results

We used the DerSimonian and Laird method to compute summary odds risk estimates in a random effects model.

The I 2 statistic was used to quantify heterogenicity.

The odds of Human Papilloma Virus was significantly higher in Ocular Squamous Surface Neoplasia lesions than benign lesions.

More results

In subgroup analysis, the odds ratio was lower in studies from African countries (with high HIV prevalences) and countries closer to the equator.

“
Conclusion

Muting of the association may also signal a role of pterygium as precursor lesions to Ocular Squamous Surface Neoplasia, or that Human Papilloma Virus may be involved in their development.

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