Clinical Molecular Pathology and Treatment Developments in Advanced Uveal Melanoma: State of the Art.
Uveal melanoma accounts for 80% of all noncutaneous melanoma cases.
Clinical Molecular Pathology and Treatment Developments in Advanced Uveal Melanoma: State of the Art.
Uveal melanoma (uveal melanoma) is the most common intraocular cancer, with approximately 5.2 individuals per million affected annually in the United States.
This review aims to present the latest advances in the clinical molecular pathology of uveal melanoma, along with the resulting targeted, immunological, and other therapies that have been introduced or are currently under investigation.
Clinically, it remains silent in about 30% of the cases; when symptomatic, it generally causes metamorphopsia (painless loss or distortion of vision) and/or photopsia (flashing or flickering of light in the visual field).
Discoloration of the iris, astigmatism, glaucoma, and even blindness are other, less common clinical manifestations.
Several pathophysiological mechanisms underlie the development of uveal melanoma.
Chromosomal aberrations, inflammatory and immunological alterations are often concurrent factors for the development and progression of uveal melanoma.
This review aims to present the latest advances in the clinical molecular pathology of uveal melanoma, along with the resulting targeted, immunological, and other therapies that have been introduced or are currently under investigation.