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New research · Ophthalmology
Oncology research · 16h
ReviewOncology research · 2026

Clinical Molecular Pathology and Treatment Developments in Advanced Uveal Melanoma: State of the Art.

Stefano Dore, Matteo Sacchi, Antonio Pinna … Panagiotis Paliogiannis
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OphthalmologyReview

Uveal melanoma accounts for 80% of all noncutaneous melanoma cases.

Clinical Molecular Pathology and Treatment Developments in Advanced Uveal Melanoma: State of the Art.

Stefano Dore … Panagiotis Paliogiannis
Oncology research · 2026
Background

Uveal melanoma (uveal melanoma) is the most common intraocular cancer, with approximately 5.2 individuals per million affected annually in the United States.

Purpose

This review aims to present the latest advances in the clinical molecular pathology of uveal melanoma, along with the resulting targeted, immunological, and other therapies that have been introduced or are currently under investigation.

80%
Results
80%
uveal melanoma makes up most noncutaneous melanoma cases, far more than other types
More results

Clinically, it remains silent in about 30% of the cases; when symptomatic, it generally causes metamorphopsia (painless loss or distortion of vision) and/or photopsia (flashing or flickering of light in the visual field).

Discoloration of the iris, astigmatism, glaucoma, and even blindness are other, less common clinical manifestations.

More results

Several pathophysiological mechanisms underlie the development of uveal melanoma.

Chromosomal aberrations, inflammatory and immunological alterations are often concurrent factors for the development and progression of uveal melanoma.

“
Conclusion

This review aims to present the latest advances in the clinical molecular pathology of uveal melanoma, along with the resulting targeted, immunological, and other therapies that have been introduced or are currently under investigation.

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