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New research · Ophthalmology
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 23h
Cohort studyWiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026

Trends in visual impairment among Austrian conscripts (1965-2003) after screening introduction : A retrospective, descriptive study.

Lorenz Wassermann, Clemens Vass, Philipp Ken Roberts … Thomas Waldhoer
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OphthalmologyCohort study

Vision-screening program linked to sharp drop in amblyopia among Austrian conscripts.

Trends in visual impairment among Austrian conscripts (1965-2003) after screening introduction : A retrospective, descriptive study.

Lorenz Wassermann … Thomas Waldhoer
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026
Purpose

This retrospective descriptive study assesses the impact of Austria's pregnancy passport (Mutter-Kind-Pass, MKP) program, which was implemented in 1974, on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), with a particular focus on its potential role in reducing the prevalence of unilateral or bilateral visual impairment (UoBVI).

Methods

As part of mandatory military service, Austrian males aged 17-19 years undergo standardized medical examinations, including BCVA assessment for amblyopia detection and service eligibility.

n = 1,694,681 conscripts
1.5%
Results
1.5%
fewer conscripts had reduced vision (below normal in one or both eyes)
n = 1,694,681 conscripts
More results

Among the total cohort, 1,561,292 conscripts (98.0%) demonstrated a BCVA of ≥ 0.8 in both eyes.

When comparing individuals born between 1965-1967 and 2001-2003, those achieving BCVA ≥ 0.8 in both eyes increased from 147,002 (96.6%) to 80,419 (98.4%).

More results

719 (0.9%); while those with BCVA ≤ 0.3 in 1 eye decreased markedly from 2459 (1.6%) to 237 (0.3%).

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

The MKP program, through structured ocular screening during key periods of visual development, appears to significantly contribute to the reduction in UoBVI prevalence in Austria, most likely due to early detection and treatment of amblyopia.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

These findings underscore the value of early vision screening as a component of public health strategy.

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