OCT/OCTA reveal consistent retinal thickening and superficial vascular reduction in anisometropic amblyopia, while other types show minimal changes. Standardized, axial length-corrected longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causality and prognostic significance.
"OCT based retinal changes in amblyopia: A systematic review".
Chiranjib Majumder … Rokiah Omar
Journal of optometry · 2026
Purpose
To synthesise evidence on retinal, choroidal, and microvascular alterations detected by OCT/OCTA in amblyopic eyes and their modulation by conventional therapy.
Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched without language restrictions, along with manual screening of reference lists and relevant trial registries.
More results
OCTA studies commonly demonstrated reduced superficial capillary plexus density in untreated amblyopic eyes.
Longitudinal studies showed modest therapy-related structural changes, with possible earlier microvascular improvement.
Methodological heterogeneity and incomplete axial-length correction were common limitations across studies.