Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Visual Outcomes of Spontaneous Corneal Perforation: A Single-Center Retrospective Study in South Korea.

Spontaneous corneal perforation shows distinct clinical patterns by etiology and age.

Younger patients with non-infectious disease achieved more favorable visual outcomes, while older patients with infectious or mixed etiologies more often required repeated interventions focused on globe preservation.

Early recognition and sustained management of blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in younger patients and close monitoring of corneal integrity in older patients with neurotrophic keratopathy may reduce the risk of progression to perforation.