Prevalence and Pattern of Refractive Errors Among Yanomami Indigenous People in the Brazilian Amazon: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Emmetropia was observed in 67.7% of participants, declining markedly with age from 100% in children aged 5 to 9 years to 38.6% in those aged 40 to 59 years.

Astigmatism affected 24.1% and hyperopia 12.7%.

Presbyopia was identified in 24.7% of participants and 52.0% of those aged 35 years or older.

Overall, 25.3% presented with reduced visual acuity, of whom 67.5% improved to normal range (20/30 or better) (p < 0.001).