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New research · Ophthalmology
Journal of clinical medicine · 4d
Cohort studyJournal of clinical medicine · 2026

Beyond Ocular Toxicity: Cerebrovascular Events After Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma.

Yacoub A Yousef, Alaa Tarazi, Mona Mohammad … Ibrahim AlNawaiseh
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OphthalmologyCohort study

Cerebrovascular events occurred in 9% of retinoblastoma patients treated with intra-arterial chemotherapy.

Beyond Ocular Toxicity: Cerebrovascular Events After Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma.

Yacoub A Yousef … Ibrahim AlNawaiseh
Journal of clinical medicine · 2026
Background

Cerebrovascular accidents (cerebrovascular accidents) are among the most serious complications of intra-arterial chemotherapy (intra-arterial chemotherapy) for retinoblastoma (retinoblastoma).

Purpose

This study evaluated the incidence and potential risk factors of this rare event.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study included retinoblastoma patients who received intra-arterial chemotherapy at a tertiary cancer center.

n = 932 patients
9%
Results
9%
about 1 in 11 patients had a stroke-related event during treatment
n = 932 patients
More results

The cohort included 33 children who underwent 104 intra-arterial chemotherapy procedures (Melphalan).

Two patients (67%) were girls, and 2 of 3 (67%) were younger than 1 year.

More results

The systematic review included 14 studies with 932 patients and identified 11 cerebrovascular accidents events (1.2%; Range 0-9.1% per patient and 0-2.2% per intra-arterial chemotherapy procedure).

Younger age, repeated catheterization, vasospasm, and embolic events were common risk factors.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Cerebrovascular accidents after intra-arterial chemotherapy, though rare, may be underreported. Events are likely procedure-related and influenced by age, treatment intensity, and vascular toxicity.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Careful technique, close monitoring, and standardized reporting are needed to recognize/reduce the real risk.

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