Beyond Ocular Toxicity: Cerebrovascular Events After Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma.

The cohort included 33 children who underwent 104 intra-arterial chemotherapy procedures (Melphalan).

Two patients (67%) were girls, and 2 of 3 (67%) were younger than 1 year.

The systematic review included 14 studies with 932 patients and identified 11 cerebrovascular accidents events (1.2%; Range 0-9.1% per patient and 0-2.2% per intra-arterial chemotherapy procedure).

Younger age, repeated catheterization, vasospasm, and embolic events were common risk factors.