Prevalence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants at a Brazilian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Treatment was required in 25% of retinopathy of prematurity cases, with no progression to stages 4-5.

Retinopathy of prematurity was more frequent among extremely preterm infants and those with extremely low birth weight (p < 0.001).

In the adjusted analysis, extreme prematurity and female sex were independently associated with retinopathy of prematurity, whereas jaundice was inversely associated with the outcome.