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New research · Ophthalmology
BMC pediatrics · 4d
Cross-sectionalBMC pediatrics · 2026

Prevalence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants at a Brazilian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Victória Coelho Jácome Queiroz, Ana Luiza Boni, Maria Barbara Franco Gomes, Paulo Sérgio Sucasas da Costa
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OphthalmologyCross-sectional

Retinopathy of prematurity occurred in about 1 in 5 preterm infants studied.

Prevalence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants at a Brazilian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Victória Coelho Jácome Queiroz … Paulo Sérgio Sucasas da Costa
BMC pediatrics · 2026
Background

To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with retinopathy of prematurity (retinopathy of prematurity) in preterm infants at a tertiary hospital in Central-West Brazil.

Purpose

To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with retinopathy of prematurity (retinopathy of prematurity) in preterm infants at a tertiary hospital in Central-West Brazil.

Methods

This retrospective, observational cohort study analyzed the medical records of neonates with a gestational age (gestational age) ≤ 32 weeks and/or birth weight ≤ 1,500 g assisted between March 2022 and February 2024.

n = 208 preterm infants
19.2%
Results
19.2%
about 1 in 5 preterm babies checked developed retinopathy of prematurity
n = 208 preterm infants
More results

Treatment was required in 25% of retinopathy of prematurity cases, with no progression to stages 4-5.

Retinopathy of prematurity was more frequent among extremely preterm infants and those with extremely low birth weight (p < 0.001).

More results

In the adjusted analysis, extreme prematurity and female sex were independently associated with retinopathy of prematurity, whereas jaundice was inversely associated with the outcome.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Extreme prematurity and female sex were independently associated with retinopathy of prematurity in this cohort of preterm infants, whereas jaundice showed an inverse association with the outcome.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

These findings reinforce the multifactorial nature of retinopathy of prematurity and the importance of continuous surveillance in high-risk preterm newborns.

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