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New research · Ophthalmology
Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 5d
Cohort studyLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026

Behavioral and Structural Correlates of Axial Length in School-Aged Children: Baseline Findings from the Seoul Myopia Cohort Study.

Ju-Yeun Lee, Chang Hwan Lee, Kyungsik Kim … Kunho Bae
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OphthalmologyCohort study

More than half of school-aged children in this Seoul cohort had myopia.

Behavioral and Structural Correlates of Axial Length in School-Aged Children: Baseline Findings from the Seoul Myopia Cohort Study.

Ju-Yeun Lee … Kunho Bae
Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
Background

Digital device use has substantially altered children's visual environments, yet the specific behaviors associated with axial elongation and early retinal remodeling remain unclear in highly urbanized settings.

Purpose

This study investigated biological and behavioral correlates of axial length (axial length) and associated macular microstructural changes in preadolescent children.

Methods

Underwent ophthalmic examinations and completed questionnaires assessing lifestyle and digital device use factors.

53.2%
Results
53.2%
Just over half of children tested were nearsighted at baseline exam.
More results

Multivariable linear mixed-effects models identified factors associated with axial length and macular thickness.

Older age, a greater number of myopic parents, flatter corneal curvature, male sex, continuous smart device use exceeding 1 h per session, and viewing distance < 30 cm were independently associated with longer axial length.

More results

Each 1 mm increase in axial length was associated with significant subfoveal choroidal thinning and generalized extrafoveal macular thinning, whereas the central fovea remained relatively preserved.

“
Conclusion

Pediatric axial length was associated with hereditary susceptibility, specific digital viewing behaviors, and early extrafoveal retinal structural variation.

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