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New research · Ophthalmology
International journal of ophthalmology · 5d
Cross-sectionalInternational journal of ophthalmology · 2026

Centile curves of refraction in children and adolescents aged 5-18 in Hubei Province: a study based on GAMLSS to predict refraction development.

Bei-Xi Yi, Lu-Run Yu, Qi Gong … Lian-Hong Zhou
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OphthalmologyCross-sectional

Myopia is worse and progresses faster in children at lower refraction percentiles

Centile curves of refraction in children and adolescents aged 5-18 in Hubei Province: a study based on GAMLSS to predict refraction development.

Bei-Xi Yi … Lian-Hong Zhou
International journal of ophthalmology · 2026
Purpose

To establish percentile curves of refractive development for children and adolescents aged 5-18y in Hubei Province.

Methods

Underwent non-cycloplegic autorefraction, and spherical equivalent refraction (spherical equivalent refraction) of the right eye was calculated.

n = 454 participants
Results

at the lowest percentile, refraction worsened much more by age 18

3rd percentile
-6.63D
50th percentile
-3.25D
97th percentile
-1D
More results

An overall myopic shift trend was observed with advancing age.

The median spherical equivalent refraction was +0.25 diopters (D) at 5 years of age and decreased to -0.50 D at 9 years of age.

Girls and rural children presented higher myopic degrees.

More results

The annual age-dependent refractive progression rate curve showed a U-shaped pattern, with greater annual refractive changes in lower percentiles and peak refractive progression occurring at younger ages.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Children in lower spherical equivalent refraction percentiles suffer from more severe myopia and faster refractive progression.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Therefore, earlier and targeted intensive myopia interventions are warranted for children with spherical equivalent refraction below the 50 th percentile.

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