Centile curves of refraction in children and adolescents aged 5-18 in Hubei Province: a study based on GAMLSS to predict refraction development.

An overall myopic shift trend was observed with advancing age.

The median spherical equivalent refraction was +0.25 diopters (D) at 5 years of age and decreased to -0.50 D at 9 years of age.

Girls and rural children presented higher myopic degrees.

The annual age-dependent refractive progression rate curve showed a U-shaped pattern, with greater annual refractive changes in lower percentiles and peak refractive progression occurring at younger ages.