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New research · Ophthalmology
International ophthalmology · 5d
ReviewInternational ophthalmology · 2026

Trends in pathogens causing microbial keratitis in studies conducted in Mexico: a 38-year literature review.

Lucio M Torres Valenzuela, Manuel Garza-Leon, Francisco Beltran, Karim Mohamed-Noriega
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OphthalmologyReview

Acanthamoeba keratitis was rare among infectious keratitis cases in Mexico

Trends in pathogens causing microbial keratitis in studies conducted in Mexico: a 38-year literature review.

Lucio M Torres Valenzuela … Karim Mohamed-Noriega
International ophthalmology · 2026
Purpose

To review the available literature, including peer-reviewed publications and grey literature, describing the microorganisms and demographic characteristics reported in studies of non-viral microbial keratitis conducted in Mexico.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted on March 10, 2026, using databases including PubMed, Scopus and SciELO.

n = 14,651 patients
Results
0.3%
acanthamoeba, an amoeba infection, was found in very few keratitis cases
n = 14,651 patients
More results

We identified 48 studies on infectious keratitis in Mexico (1988-2026), including 14,651 patients.

More results

Bacterial keratitis was the most frequent form; gram-positive cocci, especially Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, predominated, whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the leading gram-negative pathogen, particularly among contact lens wearers, with higher frequencies reported in Monterrey and Guadalajara than in Mexico City.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

In the reviewed studies from Mexico, reported non-viral infectious keratitis cases were most commonly caused by bacteria, particularly gram-positive organisms. Among contact lens wearers, gram-negative bacteria are more frequently isolated.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

The prevalence of fungal and Acanthamoeba-related keratitis in the available literature appears to align with global trends.

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