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New research · Ophthalmology
Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP · 1w
Cross-sectionalJournal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP · 2026

Dry Eye Disease among Young Pakistanis: Association with Digital Screen Use.

Nadia Akhtar, Ayisha Kausar, Hurmat Fatima Azeem … Asim Mehmood
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OphthalmologyCross-sectional

Most young Pakistanis using digital screens report device-related eye complaints

Dry Eye Disease among Young Pakistanis: Association with Digital Screen Use.

Nadia Akhtar … Asim Mehmood
Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP · 2026
Purpose

To evaluate the influence of digital screen use on dry eye disease (dry eye disease) and ocular health in the young Pakistani population.

Methods

A total of 232 participants aged 13-25 years presenting for refraction were enrolled.

n = 232 participants
74.2%
Results
74.2%
most reported eye problems from screen use, such as headaches or tired eyes
n = 232 participants
More results

The median age of the study population was 20 (6.75) years, with 49.1% male population.

Headache was the most common symptom (21.6%), followed by eye fatigue (20.3%).

A significant positive correlation was observed between the Schirmer test and TBUT values (Spearman's ρ = 0.337, p <0.001).

More results

Based on TBUT, dry eye disease showed significant associations with the type of digital device used, continuous usage pattern, and refractive errors.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 3

Digital screen-related dry eye disease is highly prevalent among Pakistani youth, with two-thirds experiencing symptoms.

Conclusion · 2 of 3

Raising awareness, reducing screen time, and promoting eye examination can help prevent digital eye strain and reduce the burden of related eye diseases.

Conclusion · 3 of 3

KEY WORDS: Dry eye syndrome, Dry eye disease, Dry eyes, Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Eyestrain, Visual fatigue, Screen time.

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