Shifting the retinal foundation models paradigm from slices to volumes for optical coherence tomography.

However, current foundation models rely on a single B-scan (usually the central slice), overlooking volumetric context.

This research investigates video foundation models to capture full 3D retinal structure and improve diagnostic performance.

V-JEPA, a state-of-the-art video foundation model, was benchmarked against retinal foundation models (RETFound, VisionFM) and a natural image foundation model (DINOv2).

All were fine-tuned to detect Age-related Macular Degeneration or Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy using five Optical Coherence Tomography datasets.