Increased risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease: a matched cohort study.
Active inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher odds of respiratory syncytial virus infection.
Increased risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease: a matched cohort study.
Immune dysregulation, immunosuppressive therapy and active inflammatory bowel disease (inflammatory bowel disease) increase susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus (respiratory syncytial virus) infection.
Using the TriNetX Analytics Network from October 2024 through March 2025, we identified adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with inflammatory bowel disease.
patients with active inflammatory bowel disease had higher odds of respiratory syncytial virus infection
Among 141 763 patients (47 883 patients with active inflammatory bowel disease, 93 880 patients with nonactive inflammatory bowel disease), 2879 patients with active inflammatory bowel disease and 3583 with nonactive inflammatory bowel disease received the respiratory syncytial virus vaccination.
After matching, each cohort included 46 308 patients.
Respiratory syncytial virus risk remained higher among patients with active inflammatory bowel disease both with and without systemic corticosteroid exposure.
Patients with active inflammatory bowel disease had higher risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection.
Increased respiratory syncytial virus risk was observed both among patients with active inflammatory bowel disease with and without systemic corticosteroid exposure.
Among respiratory syncytial virus-vaccinated patients, respiratory syncytial virus infection rates were not significantly different between active and nonactive inflammatory bowel disease.
Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.