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New research · Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology · 1d
GuidelineOphthalmology · 2026

Special AAO Report: Recommendations on Screening for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy (2025 Revision).

Michael F Marmor, Seong Joon Ahn, Justis P Ehlers … American Academy of Ophthalmology
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OphthalmologyGuideline

Annual hydroxychloroquine retinopathy screening can be deferred for the first 5 years.

Special AAO Report: Recommendations on Screening for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy (2025 Revision).

Michael F Marmor et al. · Ophthalmology · 2026
Background

The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommendations on screening for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy are now a decade old.

first 5 years
Results
annual eye screening for damage can be delayed for this long if no risk factors
More results

Keep under 400 mg/day for severely obese patients.

RISK FACTORS: Beyond dose and duration, concurrent renal disease and tamoxifen use increase risk, as does initiation of HCQ therapy at an older age.

Newer VF algorithms such as 24-2C can screen parafoveal and pericentral regions simultaneously.

More results

PROGRESSION: Mild retinopathy is unlikely to progress after discontinuation of HCQ, but severe retinopathy may continue to worsen for many years.

“
Conclusion

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.

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