Association between the cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein-glucose index and new-onset stroke in middle-aged and older adults with depressive symptoms: a longitudinal cohort analysis.

In the fully adjusted Cox model, for every 1-unit increase in the CHG index, the risk of new-onset stroke increased by 48% (HR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.15-1.90, P = 0.003).

However, the restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a significant non-linear relationship (D1 test P = 0.005), with the inflection point occurring at a CHG index of 5.59.

Multivariable logistic regression yielded a consistent significant association (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.03, P = 0.003).

Subgroup analysis and multiple sensitivity analyses (quartile analysis, exclusion of early stroke events, median binary classification analysis) all supported the robustness of the main findings.