Kidney transplantation outcomes in recipients with end-stage kidney disease due to primary vesicoureteral reflux: a case-control study.

Median age at end-stage kidney disease among vesicoureteral reflux recipients was 31 years (IQR 22.8-39.0), and median age at transplantation was 39 years (IQR 30-46).

Vesicoureteral reflux grade was IV in 9/32 recipients (28.1%) and V in 23/32 recipients (71.9%); vesicoureteral reflux was bilateral in 22/32 (68.8%).

Graft failure occurred in 14/32 vesicoureteral reflux recipients (43.8%) and 46/96 controls (47.9%).

Estimated 10 year death-censored graft survival was 66.8% in the vesicoureteral reflux group and 65.3% in controls (log-rank p = 0.977).