Intravenous magnesium sulfate for analgesia in spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Furthermore, effect was more pronounced in the subgroup receiving a loading dose plus a maintenance dose.

Perioperative intravenous magnesium administration significantly reduced intraoperative opioid consumption.

Compared to the control group, magnesium sulfate was associated with a lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, but a higher incidence of hypotension.