Efficacy of susceptibility-matched antibiotic treatment of nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections: a…

ObservationalClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases· Apr 2026

Efficacy of susceptibility-matched antibiotic treatment of nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections: a prospective observational study in hospitalized children under 5 in the Democratic of Congo.

Bieke Tack, Daniel Vita, Jules Mbuyamba … Octavie Lunguya

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Pediatric Infection & VaccinationObservationalQ1IF 5.0

Susceptibility-matched cephalosporin cut death risk in Salmonella bloodstream infection in children

Efficacy of susceptibility-matched antibiotic treatment of nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections: a prospective observational study in hospitalized children under 5 in the Democratic of Congo.

Bieke Tack … Octavie Lunguya

Clinical microbiology and infection · Apr 2026 · Q1 in General Medicine

Purpose

In sub-Saharan African children aged under 5 years, nontyphoidal Salmonella (nontyphoidal Salmonella) frequently cause fatal bloodstream infections.

Methods

Children (>28 days to <5 years) admitted with severe febrile illness were enrolled after blood culture sampling.

n = 239 children

Results

matched cephalosporin therapy cut 14-day death risk by more than half

HR death 0.37 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.88)

CI excludes the null - significant

More results

Nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infection was diagnosed in 12.7% (239/1867) of enrolled children.

69% (71/103) in O5-antigen positive Typhimurium, 85% (72/85) in O5-antigen negative Typhimurium but only 2% (1/48) in Enteritidis serovars.

More results

Only 64% (146/228) of children received susceptibility-matched antibiotics and overall in-hospital case fatality was 25.1% (60/239).

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Conclusion · 1 of 2

Nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections were often extensively drug resistant, leading to susceptibility-mismatched antibiotic treatment.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

When nontyphoidal Salmonella were susceptible, third-generation cephalosporin, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin treatment appeared to be effective.

Efficacy of susceptibility-matched antibiotic treatment of nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections: a prospective observational study in hospitalized children under 5 in the Democratic of Congo.

Efficacy of susceptibility-matched antibiotic treatment of nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections: a prospective observational study in hospitalized children under 5 in the Democratic of Congo.

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