Frailty and Surgical Invasiveness Are Independently Associated with Complications in Pediatric Spinal Deformity Surgery.

Increasing surgical invasiveness was associated with increasingly higher rates of adverse events, severe adverse events, unplanned reoperation, and unplanned readmission across almost all frailty categories.

Increasing surgical invasiveness was also independently associated with progressively higher odds of adverse outcomes.

Compared with low invasiveness, high invasiveness was associated with increased odds of any adverse event (OR, 1.61; p < 0.001), severe adverse event (OR, 2.10; p < 0.001), unplanned reoperation (OR, 1.62; p < 0.001), and unplanned readmission (OR, 1.40; p < 0.001).