Intranasal dexmedetomidine vs. nitrous oxide for procedural sedation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (INDEXJIA): a randomized crossover clinical trial.

Both intranasal dexmedetomidine and inhaled nitrous oxide offered effective analgosedation for intra-articular injections in children. Nitrous oxide resulted in better patient experience and became their preference for future sedation.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov TRN: NCT03069638. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03069638 . The date of registration 2016-12-20.

WHAT IS KNOWN: • Children suffering juvenile idiopathic arthritis often require repeated intra-articular injections.