Asthma in Children With Congenital Lung Malformations: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.
Congenital lung malformations linked to threefold higher hazard of asthma
Asthma in Children With Congenital Lung Malformations: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.
Congenital lung malformations (congenital lung malformations) are developmental anomalies that may predispose to respiratory morbidity.
To evaluate asthma prevalence and related outcomes in children with congenital lung malformations compared to population controls.
We conducted a population-based case-control study linking congenital lung malformations patients from a surgical registry to provincial health data.
Congenital lung malformations children face over triple the hazard of developing asthma
Asthma was diagnosed in 19 (38.8%) congenital lung malformations cases versus 76 (15.6%) controls (RR = 2.48, 95% CI [1.65-3.73]; p < 0.001).
The RR did not differ between surgically and conservatively managed congenital lung malformations cases (RR = 2.87, 95% CI [0.45-18.32]; p = 0.234).
Female cases were particularly affected (aHR = 3.92, 95% CI [1.98-7.74]; p < 0.001), with no difference observed in males (aHR = 1.98, 95% CI [0.90-4.37]; p = 0.092).
Annually, congenital lung malformations patients accumulated 71% more asthma-related encounters (aIRR = 1.71, 95% CI [1.28-2.25]; p < 0.001).
Children with congenital lung malformations are at increased risk of asthma, especially females, with earlier onset and more frequent encounters.
These findings highlight the need for long-term respiratory follow-up and objective validation of asthma diagnoses in this population.