Photoacoustic-Raman Imageable Embolic Microspheres for Depth-Dependent Laser-Dosage Guidance of Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

The BBTPPRO MPs have a uniform spherical morphology (53.21 μm average diameter) with a drug loading of 4.73% and an encapsulation efficiency of 99.23%.

The aggregated state of BBTPPRO through microsphere encapsulation offers substrate-free Raman signals via the stacking-induced intermolecular charge transfer-enhanced Raman scattering effect and enhances photoacoustic signals and photothermal conversion efficiency (29.7%) through the aggregation-caused quenching effect.