Prospective evaluation of 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in renal masses paired with PSMA immunohistochemistry.
18F-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-1007 PET/CT detected 71.4% of renal cell carcinomas preoperatively.
Prospective evaluation of 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in renal masses paired with PSMA immunohistochemistry.
Incidental renal masses (renal masses) are increasingly detected with cross-sectional imaging, and 20-30% of resected small renal masses are benign, exposing patients to potentially unnecessary surgery.
This was a prospective cross-sectional accuracy study including 24 adults with renal masses scheduled for nephrectomy.
PET/CT correctly flagged about 7 in 10 kidney cancers before surgery.
PET uptake correlated with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen expression on immunohistochemistry (p = 0.026).
Mass size showed a linear association with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen expression; all lesions > 30 mm expressed Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen on immunohistochemistry, with marked expression in 54.5% versus 7.7% of lesions ≤ 30 mm.
By contrast, SUVmax values overlapped between malignant and benign PET-positive lesions, and no robust SUV-based threshold emerged from this cohort.
18 F-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-1007 PET/CT showed concordance with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen immunohistochemistry and higher detectability in clear cell renal cell carcinomas, but its ability to distinguish malignant from benign renal masses was limited by modest specificity and overlap with benign oncocytic lesions.
These findings support 18 F-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-1007 PET/CT as a complementary, not stand-alone, tool for selected cases of renal mass characterization.