Gait and balance outcomes of group-based music therapy, physiotherapy, and simplified dance training in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Significant baseline-adjusted between-group effects were observed.

Physiotherapy showed a lower adjusted center-of-pressure sway area than control (53% lower, q = 0.027) and lower weight-distribution asymmetry (62% lower, q = 0.050).

Both music therapy and simplified dance training had shorter adjusted five-times sit-to-stand times than control (25% and 26% shorter, q = 0.036), with no between-group differences in peak force or rate of force development.

DISCUSSION: Each modality produced a distinct, modality-specific pattern of benefit.