Altered Scapulothoracic Muscle Activity in Overhead Athletes with Rotator Cuff-Related Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There is very low-certainty evidence that overhead athletes with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain demonstrate altered scapular muscle activity. These findings may indicate an association rather than a causal relationship.

Further high-quality, prospective studies are needed to confirm causal relationships and determine the clinical implications of altered scapular muscle activity in overhead athletes with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain.