Brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review of current trends, treatment…

Systematic reviewJournal of neuro-oncology· Aug 2026

Brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review of current trends, treatment strategies, and outcomes.

Emir Begagić, Hakija Bečulić, Amila Kovčić Harčinović … Semir Vranić

Neurosurgical OncologySystematic reviewTreatmentQ2IF 3.2

Stereotactic radiosurgery achieved 90-99% one-year local control in limited triple-negative breast cancer brain metastases

Brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review of current trends, treatment strategies, and outcomes.

Emir Begagić … Semir Vranić

Journal of neuro-oncology · Aug 2026 · Q2 in Neurology

Purpose

Triple-negative breast cancer (triple-negative breast cancer) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with a high risk of early central nervous system dissemination and poor outcomes after brain metastasis (brain metastasis).

Methods

Eligible records comprised randomized trials, prospective, retrospective, and ambispective cohorts, registry analyses, case series, guideline or consensus documents, and registered clinical trials reporting triple-negative breast cancer-specific CNS data.

n = 67,290 patients

90-99%

Results

90-99%

tumor stayed controlled at one year in nearly all treated patients

n = 67,290 patients

More results

Forty-three records met the inclusion criteria: 27 clinical studies (25 addressing parenchymal brain metastases and two addressing leptomeningeal metastases), seven guideline or consensus documents, and nine ongoing clinical trials.

More results

Whole-brain radiotherapy was commonly used for extensive disease and was associated with poorer survival in observational cohorts.

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Conclusion · 1 of 3

Triple-negative breast cancer-associated brain metastasis remains linked to substantial morbidity, mortality, and limited prospective evidence. SRS is preferred for appropriately selected patients with limited disease.

Conclusion · 2 of 3

Sacituzumab govitecan has the most consistently reported triple-negative breast cancer-specific CNS activity, but no systemic agent has established superiority in prospective triple-negative breast cancer-specific CNS trials.

Conclusion · 3 of 3

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review of current trends, treatment strategies, and outcomes.

Brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review of current trends, treatment strategies, and outcomes.

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