Fairness in multimodal machine learning applications in clinical decision support: a systematic review.

Clinical decision support systems that are rule-based or knowledge-based are considered out of scope.

Two searches were used to identify literature focused on evaluating fairness in multimodal clinical decision support systems and to determine the rate at which fairness is included in studies for two focus areas-chest x-rays and sepsis.

From 3059 search results, 160 articles included fairness evaluations, 11% (18/160) used multimodal data, and 29 different fairness measurement techniques were used.

The results show that fairness evaluations are uncommon for studies in multimodal clinical decision support systems.