Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes Following Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Initiation in CKD: A Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study.

Among 32,856 participants (median age 73 years [interquartile range 63-79]; 36% women; mean estimated glomerular filtration rate 29.3 ± 16.8 mL/min/1.73 m2), 1,493 (4.5%) were prevalent SGLT2 inhibitor users at baseline and 3,491 (10.6%) initiated treatment during follow-up (4,984 ever-exposed, 15.2%).

No associations were observed for all-cause mortality (0.95, 0.79-1.15) or the composite heart failure (heart failure) outcome (0.87, 0.65-1.16), although a lower risk was observed in the incident-user analysis (0.61, 0.38-0.98).

Associations were generally consistent across prespecified subgroups.