Sex-Related Differences and Predictors of Mortality in Patients Undergoing Major Orthopaedic Surgery: Insights from the ORTHO-START Registry.

The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 24 months; secondary outcomes were thromboembolic and bleeding events.

Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of mortality.

Urgent procedures comprised 65.6% ( n = 706) of surgeries, predominantly involving women ( n = 542).

Causes of death were known for 160/210 (76.2%): neurological complications were most frequent (25%), followed by cardiovascular disease (21.3%) and immobility-related causes (14.4%); pulmonary embolism accounted for 1.3% of deaths.