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New research · Ophthalmology
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 12h
Systematic reviewEuropean journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026

Optic neuropathies induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case series and systematic review of the literature.

Stefania Cuzzubbo, Alberto Vogrig, Evelaine Louis … Antoine F Carpentier
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OphthalmologySystematic review

Visual deficits persisted in 60% of immune checkpoint inhibitor optic neuropathy cases.

Optic neuropathies induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case series and systematic review of the literature.

Stefania Cuzzubbo … Antoine F Carpentier
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026
Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (immune checkpoint inhibitor)-related optic neuritis is rare but clinically significant as visual sequelae are reported in around half of affected patients.

Methods

We retrospectively collected all cases of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related optic neuropathy referred to two tertiary centers.

Results
60%
even after treatment, sight problems did not fully go away
More results

The most common presentation was bilateral, painless visual acuity reduction with papilledema.

Seven patients with papillitis and one with optic neuropathy resumed ICIs without recurrence.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Two distinct patterns of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced optic neuropathy emerge: papillitis, usually associated with uveitis and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, and optic neuritis, linked to broader immune-related neurological toxicities and poorer outcomes.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Our findings suggest that ICIs may be safely reintroduced after full recovery from immune checkpoint inhibitor-related papillitis.

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