Comparative long-term outcomes of conventional immunomodulatory therapy, biologic agents, and combination therapy in chronic uveitis.

A total of 2,912 patients on conventional immunomodulatory therapy, 736 patients on biologic therapy and 1,313 on combination therapy met the definition of steroid-sparing control.

No difference in the rate of flares was found between combination versus biologic therapy, or conventional immunomodulatory therapy versus biologic therapy at 6-, 12-, 18- and 24 months.

Patients initially treated with conventional immunomodulatory therapy had higher rates of augmentation or switching to biologic therapy at 12 months (RR 1.74; p = 0.0386), 18 months (RR 1.65; p = 0.0219) and 24 months (RR 1.65; p = 0.0114).