The potential implications of dysregulated DNA damage repair genes and their modulators as adjuvants for current chemotherapy regimens in Retinoblastoma tumors.

With advances in chemotherapy and earlier diagnosis, the mortality rates in developed nations such as USA, Europe and Canada, have reduced to 3-5 %.

Since chemotherapy is still a mainstay of retinoblastoma treatment, bystander toxicity remains an important concern.

Loss of the RB1 gene causes not only unrestricted cell cycle progression and cell division, driven by the E2F transcription factor family, but also leads to the accumulation of various other mutations and chromosomal aberrations, which may have a specific impact on the patients' response to chemotherapy.